The formation of carious defects begins;
Demineralization in the form of white spots forms on the surface of the tooth enamel;
Wedge-shaped defects are present at the tips of the teeth;
Teeth begin to wear away tissues faster;
The roots of the tooth are revealed in case of periodontitis.

In some cases, the sensitivity of the teeth increases due to the following factors:

Incorrect use of toothpastes, which, due to the high content of abrasive components, wash out calcium from the teeth.
Frequent consumption of large quantities of foods containing sweet and sour juice (citrus fruits). The enamel deteriorates, becomes more damaged by various irritants.
After professional teeth cleaning. Because of this, enamel and a lack of minerals in the tissues of the teeth are weakened (therefore, it is recommended to do a preventive treatment based on calcium and fluoride after such cleaning).

Systemic causes

This is a group of negative factors of enamel hypersensitivity caused by general changes in the body. These include:

Viruses and infectious diseases. The pathologies associated with this cause disrupt the work of all organs and systems. Acting on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, irritation of the nerve endings occurs, which causes an increased reaction to stimuli and even pain. Children often suffer from colds and the appearance of unpleasant sensations, possibly in a milk bite.
Diseases of the digestive system. Fully associated with changes in the oral cavity. First of all, there is a violation of the composition of saliva and a change in microflora. The low PH of the oral fluid leads to increased leaching of nutrients from the enamel. Accordingly, resistance to stimuli is impaired.
Neuropsychiatric diseases. Promote a decrease in immunological status.
Pregnancy. Increased sensitivity of tooth enamel during this period is not uncommon. Hyperesthesia is formed due to changes in hormonal levels.
Lack of minerals. Substances such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and some others prevent the development of tooth hypersensitivity. Their shortage is more often associated with dietary habits. Increased tooth sensitivity is the first signal of a lack of these substances.

Local causes

These factors include what directly affects the tooth directly. Non-systemic causes of enamel hypersensitivity are:

Tooth decay. Caries is the most common dental disease. The affected teeth have increased sensitivity in the area of damage to the enamel. The first unpleasant sensations appear already with the initial caries.
Long-term use of enamel whitening agents. Toothpastes and gels with abrasive inclusions have an increased sensitivity. In this case, teeth whitening occurs mechanically and constant exposure to small particles during hygiene causes irritation of the nerve endings. The hypersensitivity usually diminishes after discontinuation of the whitening pastes after 3-5 days.
Mechanical injury. Enamel chips and cracks are not uncommon. If such damage is not eliminated, then pathogenic microflora begins to develop in this area. The process becomes similar to dental caries. If the chips are extensive, hypersensitivity manifests itself to any chemical and temperature irritants.
Exposure to acids. It is observed as an occupational hazard, as well as with excessive consumption of acidic vegetables and fruits. The most severe tooth decay and irritability occurs after prolonged consumption of soda.
Pathological abrasion. Due to various factors, a horizontal loss of enamel is observed, sensitive areas of the tooth are exposed, and an increased reaction to stimuli develops. This is facilitated by improper filling or poor-quality placement of orthopedic structures. In addition, pathological abrasion is a consequence of a violation of the development of hard dental tissues against the background of imperfect amelanogenesis or dentinogenesis.
Incorrectly fitted toothbrush. Increased sensitivity of the tooth is formed with frequent use of a hard bristled brush. Damage occurs not only to the enamel, but also to the edges of the gums. Bare areas of the anatomical neck of the tooth and roots begin to respond to food stimuli.

Attention! To completely eliminate the increased enamel reaction, it is necessary to accurately identify the cause of the manifestation of the pathology. Only a dentist can establish this. An early visit to the doctor will help prevent the possible development of other diseases of the oral cavity.

A variety of causal factors is associated with the activities of the person himself. But with a competent approach to the problem, the development of hyperesthesia can be prevented for a long time.

Classification of hyperesthesia

Hyperesthesia is a very increased sensitivity of dental tissues to various stimuli (mechanical actions and temperature stimuli). This often happens with the appearance of caries, dental tissue pathology and periodontal disease.

Hyperesthesia can be classified into two groups:

By distribution. There are only two forms of dentin hyperesthesia.

The pain appears in one or more places. More often with wedge-shaped defects, preparation of teeth for crowns.

The generalized form begins to act on all teeth in the oral cavity. More often this happens when the necks of the teeth or their roots are worn out. And also in case of periodontal disease, congenital pathological abrasion of teeth.

In particular, due to the increased sensitivity of dentin, we divide it into two groups:

Wedge-shaped defects that occur due to abrasion of the hard tissues of the tooth.
Concomitant dentin hyperesthesia due to general disorders of the body.

Views

There are only three main types of hyperesthesia, depending on the clinical manifestations:

Mental. Very painful aggravation of elementary sensitivity. Sometimes the cause can be one component – emotional or receptive.
Dermal. The rarest species. Occurs in patients with osteochondrosis.
Dental. Hypersensitivity of dental hard tissues. It manifests itself in the form of acute pain effects in the area of the dental nerve.

Hypersensitivity of teeth during pregnancy

During the period of gestation, the female body loses many useful vitamins and minerals. But this does not mean that tooth sensitivity is a sign of pregnancy. If unpleasant sensations appear, you need to revise the daily menu. Select all food products in such a way that they contain a sufficient amount of vitamin C, D, magnesium and calcium. All foods that are rich in acids should be dietary restrictions.

During pregnancy, teeth are able to react to hot and cold, and temperature alternation always negatively affects the enamel.

To strengthen the enamel, even before planning a child, you need to undergo the procedure of remineralization of hard dental tissues. If the sensitivity of the teeth manifests itself in the early stages of pregnancy, then this indicates the weakness of the enamel, which requires the immediate intervention of the dentist.

Teeth sensitivity after whitening

Various methods are used today to whiten enamel. Most of them negatively affect the enamel of the teeth. This is due to the use of abrasive materials and chemical components based on hydrogen peroxide. These products thin the hard tissues of the tooth, causing increased sensitivity.

Discomfort appears after the first whitening procedure, does not go away on its own and requires restorative therapy. To reduce the sensitivity of the teeth, you should use sensitive pastes after the procedure.

Sensitivity of teeth to cold and hot

An increased painful reaction of the teeth to temperature stimuli is the first stage of the development of hypersensitivity. These problems are associated not only with thinning of the enamel, but can also be the result of general diseases of the body. Reaction to cold and hot, also manifests itself with caries and non-carious lesions of hard dental tissues. When the first signs appear, you need to contact your dentist to diagnose the disease.

Complaints about increased sensitivity in the oral cavity often appear after filling, especially when installing veneers, when you have to grind off the enamel layer. In half percent of cases, the restoration is associated with the use of phosphoric acid. When filling with this liquid, the place where the material was added is treated.

Another reason is excessively deep cavities and pulp irritation during preparation. Such manifestations, as a rule, subside within a week after restoration, subject to the recommendations of the dentist.

The main symptoms

It is not necessary to say what sensations are with extreme sensitivity of the teeth. But it is worth noting the main symptoms:

Taste irritants. May occur when eating salty, sweet, sour, spicy foods. And also various drinks saturated with taste buds.
Thermal irritants. These are cold or hot drinks, or cold exposure to the air.
Mechanical irritants. Appears when teeth contact each other or other objects.

These symptoms are often a sign of a dental illness that should be corrected faster. The dentist should be examined, diagnosed and referred for further treatment.

Where to start treatment

If your doctor, when examining your oral cavity, reveals that you have dentin exposure, then he can help you deal with the problem. You need to start treating sensitive teeth at the dentist’s office. In dentistry, there are several professional ways of saving from hyperesthesia, the essence of which is to cover the teeth with special compounds that protect the enamel and make it healthy. The most common procedures are:

The exposed areas of dentin are covered with a fluoride varnish, which protects the hard tissue from external irritants.
The open tooth surface is sealed with a special composite material.
The mouthpiece is filled with fluoride gel. You will need to hold the mouthguard in your mouth for about 5 minutes, during which time the fluoride will saturate your teeth and strengthen them.

Fluoridation is an important part of treatment

These procedures, performed by a professional, perfectly reduce hyperesthesia, but for its prevention, it is necessary to monitor the state of the oral cavity further. Therefore, your dentist will recommend simple steps to help you reduce sensitivity at home. We are talking about medicinal rinses, gels and pastes, special films, traditional medicine.

Healing Pastes

Since not every person who comes to the dentist wants to reduce the sensitivity of the teeth in the dentist’s office, the simplest action to solve a dental problem will be to buy medicinal pastes. They contain an increased amount of calcium, fluoride and potassium. Unlike conventional oral and dental care products, they are specially formulated for sensitive gums and teeth. For example, the potassium chloride included in their composition makes the nerve endings less susceptible to external stimuli, and sodium fluoride is added to the toothpaste to restore tooth enamel.

The most useful pastes in the fight against excess sensitivity are Sensodyne F, LACALUT Extra Sensitive, Blendamed Pro-Expert, SILCA Complete Sensitive. It is better to purchase them at pharmacies, as there is a risk of running into a fake.

Healing pastes should be used for 4-5 weeks, 2 times a day, alternating with conventional means that cleanse teeth from food debris. Only whitening paste is prohibited, as it can make the enamel thin and even disrupt its integrity, which will lead to increased tooth sensitivity.

Special toothpastes have 1 drawback: since their composition is gentle, there are no aggressive abrasive particles in it, and these remedies do not remove plaque from the enamel surface as well as other pastes.

Gels, ointments and dental films

If you have sensitive teeth, then such means as ointments, gels and even dental film will help you to remove hyperesthesia.

To prevent acids from destroying tooth enamel, you can use GS tooth mousse at home. It should be applied to the surface of the teeth with an even thin layer with a cotton swab in the morning and late at night. It is not recommended to eat or drink for 30 minutes after the procedure. The ointment, like toothpastes, contains a lot of phosphorus and calcium. Due to the presence of these elements, the preparation creates a protective film on the teeth, which is a barrier to acids, and closes the exposed dentin canals. The unpleasant symptoms of hyperesthesia disappear rather quickly.

GS tooth mousse

Fluocal gel is a good remedy to get rid of a high degree of susceptibility to cold, acid and hot drinks. It is so effective that it only needs to be used twice a year. The gel is able to form a mineral layer on the enamel surface that is resistant to external irritants and caries. To treat the problem, the drug is applied to a cotton swab, which is used to treat clean teeth. In this case, care must be taken that the gel does not get on the gums. After 4 minutes, spit out the rest of the drug into the sink and do not eat for 1 hour.

Fluocal

The PRESIDENT Sensitive plus gel is also capable of curing hyperesthesia. Working together with the toothpaste of the same name, it perfectly solves the problem of dentin susceptibility to external stimuli. After brushing your teeth with a paste, apply a layer of the preparation on them, paying attention to the root part. Do this twice a day for a month, and soon you will forget about the unpleasant sensations.

PRESIDENT Sensitive

You can also treat yourself at home using Diplen Dent F’s dental film. This two-layer product can negate the possibility of a problem developing again. The first outer layer of the film protects the teeth from food acids, and the second, adhesive, fills them with fluoride. The film is fixed on the teeth with the adhesive side and left for 7-8 hours, and then removed. Due to long-term exposure to fluorine compounds, the enamel becomes dense.

Diplen Dent F film

Rinses and infusions

In pharmacies, you can buy bottles with solutions and rinses Colgate Plax, Desensin plus, Parodontol PROF, which can reduce irritation from hot and cold food and drinks. The substances that make up these products strengthen the enamel, eliminate inflammation of the gums, and destroy bacteria that affect the appearance of plaque on the teeth. After eating or brushing your teeth with toothpaste, rinse your mouth with solutions and rinses that will heal not only your teeth, but also your gums.

You don’t have gels or ointments on hand, but you have sensitive teeth. What can you do at home in this case? Medicinal plants will come to the rescue. Infusions and decoctions made from herbs help to remove the increased susceptibility of dentin to cold and hot.

Oksana Shiyka

Dentist therapist

Among the most popular herbs are chamomile and lemon balm. They are considered antiseptics and relieve pain that comes with eating. To prepare the infusion, you will need 1 tbsp. l. flowers of these plants and 1 glass of boiling water. The herb is poured with hot water and infused for 30 minutes. Then rinse the mouth with warm infusion after eating.

If you live in the countryside, you are probably familiar with burdock herb. How to treat hyperesthesia with it? An infusion is also prepared from the burdock. Pour 1 tbsp. l. dry herbs 200 ml of hot water and boil for 2-3 minutes. In the same way, you can make an infusion of oak bark, only it should be boiled longer – 5–6 minutes. After the medicines have been infused for 1 hour, they can be used as a mouthwash after each meal. These homemade infusions will strengthen the enamel and gums, relieve pain.

Essential oils also have soothing properties. For example, a few drops of tea tree oil can be added to a glass of warm water and stirred thoroughly. For severe dental pain, you can increase the concentration of this oil: take 5 drops and add to them the same number of drops of eucalyptus oil. You need to dissolve everything in 100 ml of liquid and rinse your mouth several times a day. Essential oils will also help you get rid of dental plaque and freshen your breath.

Knowing how to reduce the sensitivity of your teeth with the help of available tools, you can improve your health without leaving your own home. Herbs, pastes and ointments can improve the condition of your oral cavity and relieve irritation and pain, but only if the problem of hyperesthesia is associated with the condition of the dentin.

Teeth can disturb you for more serious reasons, which cannot be corrected on your own. Take the time to visit your dentist at the first sign of discomfort. After all, only a doctor will give you the correct diagnosis and suggest methods of treatment, some of which you can carry out on your own at home.

Treatment of hypersensitivity of teeth at the dentist

Treatment of dental hypersensitivity depends on the severity of the pathology.

If soreness arises from an injury, then therapeutic treatment is sufficient. To repair the crack and eliminate the chip, the doctor uses fillings. Modern material allows you to eliminate visible defects and get rid of increased tooth sensitivity.

Therapeutic treatment is also suitable for patients with tooth decay. In such a situation, in addition to basic dental care, the doctor recommends that the patient undergo professional teeth cleaning.

When the cause of increased sensitivity of the teeth are disturbances in the work of internal organs, it is necessary to direct efforts to eliminate them. In this case, the dentist will give you a referral for consultation with another specialist.

The main principle in the treatment of tooth sensitivity is to eliminate the cause of its occurrence. Only then should the doctor begin to restore the enamel.

Remineralization and fluoridation

Remineralization of tooth enamel is its saturation with calcium. For this purpose, special tools are used to cover the teeth. Remineralization is carried out in conjunction with fluoridation. This improves the efficiency of the procedure.

Calcium, once in the tooth enamel, is transformed into hydroxyapatite. It perfectly strengthens the teeth, but is quickly washed out under the influence of various acids. Fluorination converts hydroxyapatite to fluorohydroxyapatite. This substance is resistant to acids, therefore it perfectly strengthens tooth enamel.

Remineralization and fluoridation are not prescribed for patients with caries and wedge-shaped defects.

Iontophoresis

In severe cases, the doctor recommends that the patient undergo iontophoresis. In the course of its implementation, drugs are delivered to the tooth enamel under the influence of galvanic currents. Their influence allows drugs to penetrate into the deep structures of tissues and form dense salt compounds there.

Means that can be used when carrying out iontophoresis:

Calcium gluconate solution. Adults are prescribed a solution with a concentration of 10%, and children – 5%. Iontophoresis is carried out in a course of 10 procedures.
Sodium fluoride concentration of 1%.
Vitamin B1 with trimecaine.
Fluocal in solution.

Diplen films

Diplen films are an innovative tool that allows you to reduce the sensitivity of tooth enamel. The effect is achieved due to its strengthening and saturation with nutrients, which the films are impregnated with. It is very convenient to attach them to the teeth, as they are flexible and plastic. Withstand the films should be from 30 minutes or longer. A person will feel the effect after the first application of this remedy.

How to reduce tooth sensitivity at home?

If you do not need medical treatment from a doctor, you can alleviate your condition on your own.

So, if you have sensitive teeth – what can you do at home?

We eat right!

Review your diet and eating habits. Do you like hot coffee with ice-cold ice cream? We’ll have to forget about it, sharp temperature changes are the main enemy of enamel!

Under the guise of friends, the so beloved by many nuts, seeds and croutons, as well as citrus fresh juices and soda juice, are also disguised. The former are capable of causing mechanical damage to the enamel (microscopic cracks and chips), the latter – insidiously affect the tooth with acid.

But foods containing a large amount of calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and iron, on the contrary, help to strengthen the tooth enamel. So eat cheese, cottage cheese, sea fish, liver and seafood!))

Rinses

This is one of the easiest and most affordable ways to reduce the sensitivity of enamel.

Thanks to their composition, which includes plant extracts, antiseptics, sodium fluoride and potassium nitride, these preparations strengthen the enamel and effectively reduce the sensitivity of the teeth, while simultaneously eliminating inflammation of the gums and successfully fighting plaque-causing microorganisms.

It is necessary to use mouth rinses after every meal.

Toothpastes

The use of special toothpastes for sensitive teeth is the most popular way to reduce the hypersensitivity of tooth enamel.

These medicinal pastes contain potassium chloride or nitrate, hydroxyapatite, sodium fluoride (or aminofluoride), strontium acetate or chloride. These components block the tubules in the dentin and reduce the sensitivity of the exposed nerve endings, as well as restore the level of enamel mineralization.

It is most advisable to use pastes for sensitive teeth after a whitening procedure, as a result of which the upper layer of tooth enamel is often damaged and nerve endings are exposed.

You should not constantly use medicinal pastes: they are distinguished by low abrasiveness, and, as a result, they do not clean teeth from plaque as well as ordinary pastes.

The optimal “course of treatment” is 1-1.5 months. On average, you can notice the effect of using the paste as early as 4-9 days, but there are pastes with instant action, about them a little lower.

Prevention of tooth sensitivity

To preserve tooth enamel, it is enough to adhere to simple rules:

Do not gnaw on shells of nuts and similar solid foods.
Chew food on both sides of the jaw alternately.
Cut back on spicy, sour, salty and sweet foods in favor of fresh vegetables and fruits.
Whiten teeth no more than once a year.
Avoid frequent injuries, falls and impacts on the jaw area if you are involved in contact sports.
Treat caries and gum disease in a timely manner.
Visit the dentist for a preventive examination at least 2 times a year.

Sources used and useful links on the topic: https://stomaudit.ru/kak-lechit-chuvstvitelnost-zubov/ https://DesnaZub.ru/bolezni-zubov/povyshennaya-chuvstvitelnost-zubov https://zub.dental/lechenie -zubov / snyat-chuvstvitelnost-doma https://www.ayzdorov.ru/lechenie_zybov_chyvstvitelnost.php https://zolushka-new-beauty.com/uhod-za-litsom-i-sheej/chuvstvitelnychto-zuby- -v-domashnih-usloviyah.html https://kornident.ru/chuvtsvitelnie-zubi

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